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Battle of Herat (484)
The Battle of Herat was a large scale military confrontation that took place in 484 between an invading force of the Sassanid Empire composed of around 100,000 men〔 under the command of Peroz I and a smaller army of the Hephthalite Empire under the command of Khush-Newaz. The battle was a catastrophic defeat for the Sassanid forces who were almost completely wiped out. Peroz, the Sassanid king, was killed in the action.
== Context ==
In 459, the Hephthalites occupied Bactria and were confronted by the forces of the Sassanid king, Hormizd III. It was then that Peroz, in an apparent pact with the Hephthalites,〔Frye, 1996: 178〕 killed Hormizd, his brother, and established himself as the new king. He would go on to kill the majority of his family and began a persecution of various Christian sects in his territories.
Peroz quickly moved to maintain peaceful relations with the Byzantine Empire to the west. To the east, he attempted to check the Hephthalites, whose armies had begun their conquest of eastern Iran. The Romans supported the Sassanids in these efforts, sending them auxiliary units. The efforts to deter the Hephthalite expansion met with failure when Peroz chased their forces deep into Hephthalite territory and was surrounded. Peroz was taken prisoner in 481 and was made to deliver his son, Kavadh, as a hostage for three years, further paying a ransom for his release.〔
It was this humiliating defeat which led Peroz to launch a new campaign against the Hephthalites.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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